Vocabulary of the Shoshone Language

George W. Hill
George W. Hill

This is a brief sample of the work that George W. Hill created in the hope that it would lead to a better understanding and communications with the local native Shoshone people. George dedicated a good portion of his life to this effort and felt a close, personal relationship with the Indians. He became very fluent in Shoshone, but could also communicate in three other native languages (Bannock, Ute and Nez Perce) as well. I understand his sign language was quite developed so he could 'speak' to or with other tribes if needed. George W. Hills brief introduction and a portion of his book on the vocabulary of the Shoshone language is as follows. ~Rod

Shoshone Language Vocabulary…

Note: It is but just to the public to say that, with the English alphabet, it is next to an impossibility to write the dialect of the Shoshones so that a stranger, unacquainted with its peculiarities, can pronounce it correctly. In this vocabulary the words are spelled as phonetically as the English alphabet will allow, and with it any person can learn to speak the dialect so that an Indian can understand him. If this is accomplished it is all I expect. 1

George W. Hill

Vocabulary of the Shoshone Language
Adobiespah-re-guen-up
Askmah-re-vian
Armem-ba-da
Arrow (iron point)poo-e-we
Arrow (flint point)tope
Ashescoots-up
Afraidmah-re-ri-an
Agree (to)chu-re-make
Ashamednesh-u-ine
Auntar-lets
Augerho-etz-e-tiv-ick
Axeho-an-na
Anything (all of)o-yate, o-yok, o-yont
Awlwe-hue
Brother-in-lawen-tatch
Buttonte-a-tump
Buttons (black)to-o-te-a-tump
Brand (on an animal)mah-go-po
Bark (of a tree)mam-boo-ah
Blanketu-ur-wan-up
Badtitch-en
Bumble beepy-nah
Bitemah-gets-y
Butterpid-gy-yope
Blindboo-e-wat
Bedhavy-nump
Bravenah-re-int
Belly fullwid-zoo-in
Bridgepo-seek
Beaver traphan-na-wan
By and bynah-ve-shy
Bookte-bope
Broomte-et-zo-ni
Barrellwo-ve-us
Bigpee-up
Betmah-re-va
Bringmy-yah
Brffalo robequit-sen-em-bur
Brainsen-go-vish
Bucket (tin)tosh-e-we-to-e
Bucket (wooden)wov-ing-we-to-e
Bagmo-quits
Ball (to play with)po-no-guont
Breastmah-nin-up
Bullquits-em-buck-my-no-ye-gun
Buck sheepquar-ri-bung-o-my-no-ye-gun
Beforehy-a-gin
Blacksmithwe-in-to-pah
Betmah-re-vah
Baptizepah-zow-in
Boil water (to)we-to-i-en-do-i-haw
Bonetzoo-nip
Bellyshaap
Bodymy-man-o
Breasts or nipplesmam-pid-ge
Bald-headedyea-ni-gant
Bridletimp-in-jin-y-ga
Breakco-pup
Brother (older)bab-by
Brother (younger)tam-ets-y
Burn (to)waa-hap
Burn a house (to)carney-waa-hap
Burn-to death (to)co-te-i
Bootsto-ho-namp
Boatwo-ve-shi
Be stillyoung-car-ry
Bullrushesshe-ip
Boxkee-moh-ri-mah
Beltnick
Black beltto-o-nick
Boundary lineme-naab
Bore (to)mad-zap-we-u
Bloodpurp
Blackto-ho-bit
Browntope-she-bit
Blueev-a-hib-it
Beadstso-mo
Beads (large)pe-ah-tso-mo
Certaintee-vitch
Choke cherry woodtong-go-ship
Cedarwaap-hope
Cottonwoodpah-sho-hope
Cheekmah-shave
Chinmah-git-imp
Chestkee-mah-ri-mah
Coalscote-hope
Cutmud-ze-ki
Churnpig-gy-gig-so-a-nump
Crooked roadquick-quin-u-wa-in
Crookednow-now
Crippledmad-ze-pope-in
Cachecope
Cache (make a)cope-mah-an
Crowbarwe-em-bo-ro
Coming towards youo-ni-ni-kim
Choke cherriesto-e-nump
Cloudpah-gun-up
Cloudy all overpah-a-shump
Cannonpee-ite
Chaircar-ry-nump
Cutmud-ze-ki
Chopmah-wo-ki
Candleti-go-pe-to-wa or yo-ho-coo-na
Catch with lassomah-ko-wim
Creekog-wut
Comekim
Cornhan-ne-vit
Combnud-ze-to-ye, nud-ze-tim-a
Clerkte-bo-wop
Charcoalcoots-up
Coal (stone)timp-a-u-a (timp-a-u-a)
Carscoo-na-wov-in-pun-go
Conductorcoo-na-wov-in-pun-go-tag-win
Crazybo-sha-whick-up, or am-y-up
Cook (a)tig-ah-ma-han-o-wop
Cryyaa-ga
Coldech-unt
Cupow-we
Cup (tin)tosh-e-ow-we
Countmah-rid-zy
Coatpo-ah-quash-aw
Cap (gun)nar-rock
Cornhan-ne-vit
Debtnah-gud-zyne
Daughterim-pate
Dig (as with a pick)we-to-ick
Doctorbo-e-gund
Deafpe-ab-ie
Dustho-cum
Dancenick-kak
Devilnah-re-qui-nup
Directlyna-ve-shy
Drag timber (to)mah-wope-shoo
Deer skin (black tailed)so-co-rets-y-em-bur
Drivemah-muck
Day after to-morrowpe-nun-gua-hab-by
Day before yesterdayhi-ag-gin-a-kin-to
Do (to)ye-quen
Diete-i
Dreamnah-wush-e-i
Drinkmah-he-be
Drownedpan-te-i
Deceitfule-ja-vick
Daughter-in-lawhurs-em-be-ah
Drawing knifeho-se-ve-nump
Door to a housemah-moo-hy or nud-ze-too-yah
Damte-yah-tin-up
End (as the end of a log)cads-o-mand
Earnank
Equalnaah-wite
Eaglepe-ah-queni
Enginewe-he-coo-na-wov-in-pung-o
Eveningyake
Eatmah-rick
Eveboo-e
Ears (of corn)han-ip-mam-bay
Enoughshoe-be-gosh
Earthen cuptimp-e-ow-e
Eagle (tail feathers of)que-ni-quash
Elbowmah-gape
Ear ringsnank-e-jan-i-ga
Eyebrowsmah-guipe
Fastto-ye-ma
Father's fatherhots-it
Fathers's motherheah-gin-o
Farmte-ma-shank
Female kindum-be-a-wa
Fish hooknats-oone
Fence (against animals)te-he-co-op
Fenceho-o-co-op
Faceco-by
Fish net or seinepan-gua-wan
Fingersmah-se-wo-ki
Fewse-sim-its
Flye-gi-me-ah
Flash (like powder)co-pah-ta
Feel badtich-en-nesh-in-ca
Farming white mante-ma-shank-ti-vo
Findmah-row
Fruitpo-gum
Firecoo-nah
Fishpan-gwitch
Fallye-van-ah
Fullman-dip-e-gun
False informationtis-ne-nan-ken
Foam (on water)pah-sho-tone-zip
Friendhynts
Fatyope
Filetim-ad-zo-ni
Footnamp
Forgotmy-nash-oo-wat
Fightnab-e-tink
Flourtosh-up
Forkman-dit-zo-ah
Feathersmah-peen-dzip
Foolisha-me-up
Foreheadmah-gun
Fingersmah-ma-so-week
Finger nailsmas-se-do
Fall (of a river)pah-we-shi-ant
Foggypah-gun-up
Firsthy-a-gin
Grandfatheren-do-gits
Growingshe-uk-in
Greatnah-re-int
Gunhi-tah
Gambleni-a-witch or ny-ah-witch
Gome-ah, me-ar-o
Grind (to)mah-rosh
Give outne-ah-ka-ne-nine, or ne-ah-guimp
Grindstonetimp-tim-ad-zo-ni
Givemah-ote
Goodjant
Good, veryzan-dzant
Go homecar-ney-me-ah
Grind (as an axe)mah-muck-im-up
Green, like grasspo-eep
Get upYates, yade-sa
Greenbackspoo-e-we
Goldo-ho-nap-pe-as
Go on horsebackpung-o-mah-su-vy
Get off (to)wy
Glovesnap-sook
Grandsonen-gin-o
Gunny sacknuts-u-mo-quens
Greasewoodkan-ump
Grasssho-nup
Greenpo-e-bit
Going from youa-bo-me-ah
Husbanden-quob-its
Housecarney
House (log or frame)woving-carney
House (adobie)pah-sha-guen-up-carney
House (stone)timp-in-car-ney
House (large)be-ets-y-car-ney
House (stone or trading)mah-re-mah-car-ney
Hole in the groundtynt-shoke-up
Hand (left)man-de-o-nunga
Hand (right)man-dim-e-run
Hear (to)nank-en
Hearem-bee
Heavyba-at-tent
Hurry upmam-y-shaw
Holetyne
Havepersh
Hurtmy-ye-ban
Hereick
Halterte-go-be-you-i-ga
Hoege-gin-sap-pe-na
Harrowso-go-re-a-zat-to-naup or tid-zo-wad-zing
Hill sidete-van-up
Hungrypah-hu-re-i
Hide (to)mah-wad-ze-ting
Huntmow-wick
Hardgit-tant
Hattis-i-mo
Hugmah-vuav-y-ho-by
Halfmah-div-in-ite-, mah-sing-guipe
Head or hairpam-py
Herd (to drive together)mah-rack-quon
Hear bad news (to)titch-en-man-ken
His own, or himselfper-nis
Heelmah-tip-in-ge
Hipmah-dze-ump
Hair on the breastnan-nin-up
Hand sawho-et-ze-ki
Hat bandtid-ze-mo-go-tow-e
Hewing logsman-tiv-en-wat-i-ka
Heavenmoo-goo-a-nuke
Hellte-o-nape
Horse (stud)te-he-my-no-ye-gun
Highpant
Icepa-ick-up
Interpretertaag-wop
Ironwe-he
Indiannim-ah-nim
India rubbertoo-re-vite
Jump offpo-pe-ee
Jointmah-sim-en-do
Jumpma-rat-teg-wa
Knot (in timber)mam-mo-gu
Knowmah-shum-beny
Kneel downtan-i-ce-toin
Kicksig-wat, my-ram-en-quit
Knife (butcher)we-he
Knife (pocket)hob-by-we-he
Kettlewe-to-e
Kettle (cast iron)timp-a-we-to-e
Kettle (brass)o-ho-we-to-e
Kill (to)mah-bick
Knock down (to)mah-rotes-hag-in
Kissmah-mo-re-hi
Kanyonho-no-by
Kneemah-dang-up
Little boytua-nip
Little girlni-vitch
Lightningink-ah-guitch-ah
Landshoke-up
Land, drypah-sup-shoke-up
Log chainwe-he-tim-oke
Lizzardpo-ko-gu
Laughyan-ne-kin
Livequis-o-nine
L'herb (Indian tobacco)te-mi-yah
Littletee-titch
Largepee-up
Losemak-wad-sing
Loadmy-no
Load of haysho-nup-my-no
Load of woodhope-my-no
Loveo-r-mun-gun
Lie downhav-y
Looking glassnah-bo-ni
Longcu-ber-ant
Lariattim-oke
Lazyte-o-nab
Lakepah-ga-da
Lake (large)pe-ah-pah-ga-da
Lake (small)te-titch-pah-ga-da
Legginscush
Lead a horse (to)te-he-mah-stan-gah
Look (to)mah-bo-ki-a-quin
Lost (to be)mah-wad-zing
Lay anything down (to)mah-rig-a
Land (this)ish-shoke-up, or sick-sah-shoke-up
Load (large)pee-up-my-no
Leadnah-buck
Lieish-ump
Legmah-omb
Lie-downhav-y
Looking glassnah-bo-ny
Lookmah-bone
Leg (calf of)mah-weet-sto
Lamego-wa-na-ka, nad-ze-po-pe-na
Leaves of treespo-eep
Mothers' motheren-gah-go
Mother's fatheren-do-go
Mandi-nup
Mudpah-re-gue-nup or pah-she-gue-nup
Morete-us-des
Mountain (top of a)mamp
Milkpid-gy
Madto-ho-buck
Male kindung-goo
Medicinenats-u
Mill (grist)tosh-e-nump
Melonspah-rick-up
Much or manyshont
Mindtiz-zwan-sip
Moonmurh
Measlesink-a-tag-see-ah
Mountain sheep skintu-cote-sy-em-bur
Move camp (to)no-me-ah
Makema-han
moneynap-pe-as
Mountain sheeptu-cote-sy
Meaton-doke
Morningpo-etch-i-co
Middle (the)dib-a-nah or div-in-ite
My ownper-nis
Moccasinnamp
Mountainto-e-yab-by
Mountain (side of the)man-tiv-en-ump
Mapleco-ne-up
Musclemah-bud-in-zoo-ga
Moccasin stringramp-i-shaw
Meankesh-want
Mark as with a pencil (to)mah-man-ick
Nowe-gits-y
Nightto-gaan-nah
Nothingnan
None at allka-wat
Narrowman-do-ki
Negroto-tivo
Noka
Nosemo-be
Neckunto-vump
Nipplesmum-pid-ge
Navelshaap
Not cookedka-quash-up
Nailtid-ah-pose
Noon or 12 o'clockto-go-tab-by
Needlewan-na-we-hue
Not goodka-jant
Northcoo-na-ha
North windque-ninte
Oldso-co-hits-y
Oak or hard woodgit-lant-hope
Otter skinpant-sook-em-bur
Ourstowm
Oceanpe-ah-titch-e-pa
Ox-yokequits-em-buck-cor-oke
Pantaloonsbits-ook
Pitchforksho-no-tids-e-pa-da
Plowsho-ko-te-u-to
Paintbish-op
Pistolcu-be-ite
Potatoesge-gin-ni
Pencilto-bo
Pen and inkto-ho-te-bo
Prickly pearswo-guipe
Pheasanthin-a-wo-pow-y
Pipeto-e
Pepper (black)mo-naa-by
Pocketmo-quits
Peoplenim
Pan (tin)pe-ah-tosh-e-ow-we
Pourma-ro-ye
Pine nutste-ve
Pull out or off (to)mah-toak-quis
Put on (to)mah-nag-o-nock
Pray (to)mah-shan-ta
Powdernah-go-tosh
Poor (in flesh)car-no-wet-sy
Poor (in property)nash-en-de-chant
Platetick-a-nump
Peaken-quiby
Pinewong-gope
Person (another)an-der-ish
Person (third)oo-rapan-der-is
Quityo-ro
Quaking-aspse-nab-hope
Runnu-ka
Rich (not poor)jant-nah-ah-cunt
Roots (of a tree)mam-bish-wa
Ridemah-su-vah
River (large)pe-og-wut
Riverog-wut
Roundpo-no-nit, po-no-gunt
Roll like a log (to)mah-toak-quis
Railroadcoo-na-wov-in-pung-o-m-boo-a
Ripequash-up
Rest (to)we-e-quin
Rest on the Sabbath day (to)we-ye-quin-nah-shan-ti
Run herenuke-ick
Roseberriesche-ah
Rocktimp
Redink-a-bit
Roanash-ne-bit
Rainbowpah-ro-go-win
Roundun-go-en-e-gar-it
Returncoy
Remembernash-en-towe
Rainpah-mut
Sleepip-wa
Son (my)neah-en-doo-ah
Son-in-lawmo-nap
Sow wheat (to)te-vaa-ta
Spade or shovelssho-ko-dits-o-to-da
Strongnah-re-int
Slipto-kaeny
Strychninee-sup-nat-ue
Stand upwin-na
Stinkpish-u
Spiritmoo-goo-ah, zoo-op
Serviceberrieste-ump
Sinewtomb
Spaniardto-e-ri-vo
Soapte-go-cho
Sewing threadtomb or wanna
Sheep eatertoke-ah-ricker
Sugar or sweetpe-nah
Snowtack-up
Sunstroketab-by-co-te-i
Suntabby
Starstatch-en-ump
Star (north)sim-y-tatch-en-ump
Skyto-gump
Scoldingmah-nee-to-to-guin
Slide logs (to)mah-gin-u-e
Sicknets-u-qua
Smalltee-titch
So much, so bigshu-he-gan
Stealmah-de-dick
Skinsem-bu-ur, pig-up
Small poxtah-see-ah
Sit downca-at
Shortcu-be-tets-y
Silvertosh-e-nap-e-pe-as
Sunrisetab-by-to-ick
Sun is highest at noon (when the)tab-by-pant or to-go-toby
Sun settaby-by-ew-ick
Singtin-e-quah
Slowo-be-tah
Salto-naa-by
Shootmah-quoot
Saddlenah-re-no
Sackmo-quits
Strapnar-re-tig-we
Stirrupnar-re-tig
Springtam-in-ah
Summertats
Splitpaag-up
Sew with a needle (to)mah-zak-we
Sew moccasinnamp-na-zak-we
Shake with cold (to)shit-te-hi
Shirtquash-aw
Socks or stockingswan-na-nump
Swallowman-de-i-co
Summer (this)e-gits-y-tats
Summer (last)mo-nun-gua-tats
Spring (next)tam-a-roosh
Summer (next)pe-num-gua-tats
Spitto-seek
Smokequeep
Shirt sleevemah-mah-quis
Study (to)mah-bo-ki-a-guin
Shock wheat (to)sho-no-va-mah-mot-to-win
Stick in (to)mah-tsen-ick
Sayboo-nah
Strippedma-bo-cun
Still (to be)we-e-quin or yoong-cary
Slide (of rocks)o-hon-tiv-en-ump
Ship or steamboatpe-ah-wo-ve-shi
Soldierto-ho-quash-aw
Shoesto-ho-namp
Stoveco-to-e-nump
Stonetimp
Shot pouchmah-not-toe
Swimpah-hab-i-ti
Sit downca-at
Seemah-bone
Straighttu-nant
Stand upwin-na
Service berry woodte-a-bi
Shoulderman-zoo-op
Shinmah-pad-o-win-na
Save (to)mah-you-en-diga
Soreyets
Straw hatsho-ne-tis-e-mo
Spring of (water)pah-red-a-pah
Sunflowershe-ump
Saw millba-a-tzap-o-gua
Scarmy-mad-ze-cap
Sideling or road-side hillwa-ga-duke
Strawsho-nup
Straight talktu-nant-tag-win
Something elsekik-a-mish
Sorrelo-on-ta-bit
Southu-aw-na
Shadowmah-hig-e-ah
Stretchtoo-re-vite
Square cornerstots-y-gant
Swellpeg-up
Seedmam-ba
Seed (sunflower)he-ump-mam-ba
Seed (lucerne)te-he-tick-up-mam-ba
Scratch with a scratch awl or mark with a pencilmah-man-ick
Snowingtack-a-mit
Soursick-en-gum-en
Stabmah-rone
Tripesha-ap
Tacks (brass)pat-se-bone
Tobaccopalm
To-dayeg-et-sy-hab-by
To-morrowe-mah
Think (to)mah-bo-ki-a-guin
To unitemah-rie-yah
To tie any thing up tightmah-tasat-to-win
Telegraphwe-he-tim-oke
Telegraph writingwe-he-tim-oke-mah-bo
Telegraph operatingwe-he-tim-oke-tat-te-gunt
Talk (to)ye-quen
Tiredpah-ho-buck
Tableman-tick-a-nump
Toesmah-tos-o-week
Throughmah-go-bish
Talktag-win
Thundertome-o-yaa-ga
Treema-gads-oo
Timber (dry)wipe-hope
Tent clothcarney wan up
Trapwan-na
Time pastsho-vish
Time (long ago)shaa-vish
Tender-footedno-ro-we-do-y
Threshing machinete-ro-ye-sho-nump
Thresh (to)te-ro-ye-shi
Thumbem-be-a-mo-me-nup
They or themshure
Tallcu-ber-ant-win-na
This or thatish
Theresuke
Thinkswack or swant
Tie upmad-za-ti, mah-witch-i-can
Throw (as a stone)mah-rat-to
Tailma-quash
Tiredpah-o-buck
Trademah-re-ma
Thickpo-en-dent
Thintar-en-titch
Traveling white manme-ah-tiv-o
Tellnah-re-mah, or nar-o-wing-en
Teethtamp
Tongueico
Understand and knowneah-nung-a-shumb-eny
Understandmah-nun-gen
Unionkink-ah
Ustow-we
Untie (to)mah-rie-yah
Upem-pah
Underneathmah-roke
Unclede-ap-a
Vestam-a-quaasha or am-i-gits-a-rink
WalkSho-sho-ka
Wrestlenah-go-ink
Wifemah-goop-its
Wetpah-quet-sip
Well of watertyn-shoke-up, pah-wi-tin-cap
Whirlwindwer-e-hoo-an-ni
Wasppy-nah
Wolfe-sup
Windne-yate
Whathin
Whenhimby
Wherehock-up
Wheatsho-no-vit
Warme-re-ent
Written or printed matterte-bope
Water sectmah-wa-see-u
Windownah-he-nah-go-neep or nah-boo-ny
Winmah-guock
White mantivo, so-e-appe
Wagonwo-vin-pung-o
Wagon roadwo-vin-pung-o-em-boo-a
Whiskeycoo-nah-pah
Wantne-wine
Wetow-we
Winterto-me
Washpah-gotch-o
Walk (to)namp-me-ar-o
Waterpah
Water (bad)titch-on-pah
Water (salt)o-na-pah
Whiskersmode-zo or mo-cho
Whiskers (red)ink-a-mo-cho
Whiskers (black)to-ho-mocho
Wind pipemy-game-pit
Write (to)mah-bo
Willing (to do anything he is told)bu-hi-et
Worship (to)mah-shan-ta
Whirrlpool (of water)pam-poo-ne-o-hunt
Wild parsnipsah-tum-pitch
Wartman-dzo-ah
War whoopcav-o-vin-to
Whip (to)mah-wo-pi
Whathin
Walksho-sho-ka
Willowsshiv-hope
Wristmah-mats-e-dup
Waste (to)mah-be-pine
Watchtabby
Watch chaintab-by-tim-oke
Wheatsho-no-yit
Windownah-boo-ni
Whitetosh-ib-it
Westpe-an-na
Young Womanni-be
Young Mantu-o-bits-y
Yonderoke
Yesos, hah
Yes, sirhog-in-ish
Yearto-mo
Yesterdaykin-to
Youim
Yellowo-hop-it

  1. Vocabulary of the Shoshone Language, compiled by George W. Hill, 1877. Printed at the Deseret News Steam Printing Establishment, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Vocabulary of the Shoshone Language title page.
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